Calculate tiles needed for floors and walls including waste factor and box count.
A tile calculator works out how many tiles you need to cover a floor or wall, including the wastage allowance for cuts and breakages. Tile is sold by the box (usually 8–15 tiles per box depending on size), and buying just enough usually leaves you short — you almost always need a wastage margin of 10–15%.
Tile size affects both the visual outcome and the practical wastage. Small mosaic tiles (50 mm) waste 5–8%; standard 300 × 300 floor tiles waste 7–10%; large format 600 × 600+ tiles waste 12–15% because each cut is bigger. Diagonal laying patterns add another 5% on top.
N = \left\lceil \frac{A \times (1 + w)}{a} \right\rceil
Inputs: Floor: 4 m × 5 m · Tile: 600 mm × 600 mm · 12% wastage
Yes — always keep 5–10 spare tiles from the same batch. Tile dye batches vary, and you may not be able to match the exact colour 2–3 years later when a tile cracks and needs replacing. Store spares flat in their original packaging in a dry place.
For floor tiles: 4–5 kg of cement-based adhesive per m². For wall tiles: 3–4 kg/m². Grout usage depends on joint width but typically 0.3–0.5 kg/m² for 3 mm joints, 0.8–1.0 kg/m² for 8 mm joints. Read your adhesive/grout bag for exact coverage.
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